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Probabilistic Cloning
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==Notation== * <math>S = {|\psi_1\rangle, |\psi_2\rangle, ...}:</math> Set of linearly independent states which can be copied by the probabilistic cloning machine * <math>|\psi\rangle:</math> Input state of the probabilistic cloner * <math>\{|A_k\rangle\}:</math> Set of orthonormal states used as ancillary states for the general probabilistic cloning machine * <math>U:</math> The unitary evolution of the quantum cloning machine * <math>p_i:</math> The success probability of the desired copies * <math>c_{ij}:</math> Coefficients of the final state of the output qubits when the protocol fails * <math>\Phi^{j}_{AB}:</math> The state of the output qubits when the protocol fails * <math>|\psi_+\rangle, |\psi_-\rangle:</math> The states of the two possible non-orthogonal input qubits which the probabilistic cloner can produce copies of them (two-qubit case) * <math>p:</math> The success probability for the two-qubit case * <math>U_1,U_2:</math> Unitary gates used in the quantum circuit of the two-qubit probabilistic cloner * <math>H:</math> [[Hadamard gate]]
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