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Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature: Difference between revisions
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** Seller selects two random strings and generates a quantum state of the message using these random strings to operate a Unitary gate and [[Glossary#Quantum Gates|Hadamard Transform]] on a null/vacuum state (see [[Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature#Pseudo Code|Pseudo Code]] for operations) | ** Seller selects two random strings and generates a quantum state of the message using these random strings to operate a Unitary gate and [[Glossary#Quantum Gates|Hadamard Transform]] on a null/vacuum state (see [[Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature#Pseudo Code|Pseudo Code]] for operations) | ||
** The public and the private key are used to perform Hadamard transformation on the state produced in the previous step in order to generate the signature quantum state. | ** The public and the private key are used to perform Hadamard transformation on the state produced in the previous step in order to generate the signature quantum state. | ||
** The Seller then performs some operation using her private key and measures the quantum state. It can be shown the states were on of the BB84 states and hence, can have one of the two possible bases ([[Glossary#Quantum States|X basis,Z basis]]) and four possible states. She records the basis and classical bit representing the state obtained. | ** The Seller then performs some operation using her private key and measures the quantum state. It can be shown the states were on of the BB84 states and hence, can have one of the two possible bases ([[Glossary#Quantum States|X basis,Z basis or + basis,x basis]]) and four possible states. She records the basis and classical bit representing the state obtained. | ||
**Seller then concatenates these classical bits, the two random string bits, and a timestamp unique to the signature. The concatenated classical string is used as the input of publicly chosen QOWF. | **Seller then concatenates these classical bits, the two random string bits, and a timestamp unique to the signature. The concatenated classical string is used as the input of publicly chosen QOWF. | ||
**Seller then encrypts the timestamp and quantum output of QOWF with pre-shared common key via quantum vernam cipher. PKG unpads these and publicly announces for buyer's verification step. | **Seller then encrypts the timestamp and quantum output of QOWF with pre-shared common key via quantum vernam cipher. PKG unpads these and publicly announces for buyer's verification step. | ||