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Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature: Difference between revisions
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==Outline== | ==Outline== | ||
Like other QDS protocols, it is divided into two phases: Distribution (Key Generation | Like other QDS protocols, it is divided into two phases: Distribution (Key Generation) and Messaging (Signing and Verification). This scheme is presented between seller (one who signs the message), buyer (one whom the signed message is sent) and PKG (generates and distributes public-private key for seller) and a buyer.</br> | ||
* '''Key Generation''': In this step, PKG generates derives the public key of the seller and generates a private key which is secretly sent to Seller over insecure classical channel. Seller's public key is derived from her personal information such as her email-id over a public channel. A quantum one way function (QOWF) is chosen by PKG randomly and secretly, which uses the classical public key as its input. The quantum pre-shared common key (assumption) was used to one-time pad the outcome of QOWF into a cipher-text (secret text) using [[Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature#References|Quantum Vernam Cipher (1), (2)]]. This cipher-text was communicated to seller (over insecure channel). Seller un-pads the cipher-text to obtain the outcome of QOWF using the pre-shared common key. Hence, everyone knows seller's public key and, only PKG and seller know her private key. | * '''Key Generation''': In this step, PKG generates derives the public key of the seller and generates a private key which is secretly sent to Seller over insecure classical channel. Seller's public key is derived from her personal information such as her email-id over a public channel. A quantum one way function (QOWF) is chosen by PKG randomly and secretly, which uses the classical public key as its input. The quantum pre-shared common key (assumption) was used to one-time pad the outcome of QOWF into a cipher-text (secret text) using [[Arbitrated Quantum Digital Signature#References|Quantum Vernam Cipher (1), (2)]]. This cipher-text was communicated to seller (over insecure channel). Seller un-pads the cipher-text to obtain the outcome of QOWF using the pre-shared common key. Hence, everyone knows seller's public key and, only PKG and seller know her private key. | ||
* ''' | * '''Signing''': In this step, the Signer generates a signature quantum state using the message they want send, their public and private keys. The Signer also selects a quantum one way function publicly to generate the quantum digest. | ||
** The Signer selects two random strings and generates a quantum state of the message using these random strings. | ** The Signer selects two random strings and generates a quantum state of the message using these random strings. | ||
** The public and the private key are used to generate the signature quantum state from the state produced in the previous step. | ** The public and the private key are used to generate the signature quantum state from the state produced in the previous step. | ||