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**<math>x=\{x_1 x_2 ... x_N\}:</math> Merlin's assignment to solve the problem | **<math>x=\{x_1 x_2 ... x_N\}:</math> Merlin's assignment to solve the problem | ||
**<math>K=O(\sqrt{N}):</math> number of copies of the quantum proof | **<math>K=O(\sqrt{N}):</math> number of copies of the quantum proof | ||
**<math>\ | **<math>|i\rangle=|0\rangle_1|0\rangle_2...|1\rangle_i...|0\rangle_N:</math> state of one photon in the <math>i^th</math> optical mode and zero in the others | ||
**<math>\ | **<math>|\psi_x\rangle_k=\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}}\sum_{i=1}^N(-1)^{x_i}|i\rangle:</math> <math>k^th</math> quantum proof encoding the assignment x | ||
==Properties== | ==Properties== |